Creativity And The Mad Genius - 1765 Words

Creativity and the Mad Genius On July 2, 1961, Ernest Hemingway put a gun to his head. Seventy-one years earlier, on July 29, 1890, Vincent van Gogh shot himself in the abdomen while painting a wheat field. Robin Williams hung himself on August 24, 2014, less than two centuries after Vincent van Gogh. Along with Ludwig von Beethoven, who died of natural causes in 1827, four of the greatest creative minds each suffered from bipolar disorder, depression, or epilepsy, usually suffering from other physical ailments as well. Ernest Hemingway was the only one to seem to have a genetic disposition towards mental illness. None of these men led similar lives. Van Gogh only saw one of his paintings sold, while Beethoven was an acclaimed composer by the age of twenty-nine. Hemingway was friends with some of the greatest literary minds of the day, and Robin Williams was one of the most successful comedians to date. The common link, besides their mental illnesses, is the idea that each of these men were searching for somethin g more within their respective arts. Four fields of fine arts that require the constant creation of something new claimed the lives of four men who gave it all they had, some losing, and some finding themselves along the way. Over the past sixty years, facts about depression and the reality of it have come to light; however, there are still negative stigmas concerning the mental illness and how people ought to endure through the pain. Despite these negativeShow MoreRelatedI Am A Mad Genius982 Words   |  4 PagesA mad genius: a person that has an extraordinarily high IQ, and is often overly â€Å"eccentric†. Scientists, and historians have been debating for years if there is a link between madness, and intelligence. Many Scientists have been proclaimed as a â€Å"mad genius.† This list includes Nicola Tesla, who is â€Å"the man that created the 20th century.† While he may be extremely intelligent, â€Å"he suffered from an extreme case of OCD, and germephopia. He also would refuse to touch anything round† (Bayne) . Tesla isRead MoreA Brilliant Madness about John Forbes Nash Essay1458 Words   |  6 Pagescreative genius. Indeed, research has proven that the two conditions o f psychology display similar characteristics, both behaviourally and genetically. Unfortunately, this subject remains quite ambiguous, and science may never fully grasp the concept (Griffith 626; Ludwig 5; Simonton; Neihart). Although it lacks in hard facts, many compelling theories arise from this field of study: a little madness may bolster creative genius, but too much madness can overpower the creativity and kill the genius. TheRead More Alice in Wonderland Essay1250 Words   |  5 PagesAlice takes from both sides, now able to change her size when she wants. She goes to a house in the woods and the Duchess gives Alice her baby. Outside, the baby turns into a pig and runs away. The Cat sitting on the branch tells her where to find a Mad Hatter and a March Hare. Alice joins them for tea and time stands still. During the tea party, the mouse falls asleep while telling a story and they are all rude to Alice, so she leaves. A beautiful garden is before her and it is the Queenâ€⠄¢s croquetRead MoreThe Correlation between Creativity and Madness1594 Words   |  7 Pageslies a link between creativity and madness and the association stems from the need of an unconventional thought process to spark creativity and biological factors surrounding the brains of both creative individuals, and mentally ill patients. Could it be Madness? A correlation between a more creative individual and a mentally ill patient exists, and it is highly likeable that the former could be the latter. The issue of whether great mental abilities, whether it’s creativity in crafts such as artsRead MoreAnalysis Of Allen Ginsberg s Howl1745 Words   |  7 Pagesshock audiences. It presents views of insanity and madness as both tragically victimizing the talented young minds of America, causing the straight-cut society to oppress and restrain their creativity in psychiatric hospitals; but also as a sort of liberation, allowing the artist to connect to their creativity in a way that the ‘sane’ are unable to. In Howl, the lines between true madness, inspired madness, and drug-induced madness, are significantly blurred. Ginsberg lived to shock the masses throughRead More Creativity and Mental Illness Essay2384 Words   |  10 PagesCreativity and Mental Illness Men have called me mad, but the question is not yet settled, whether madness is or is not the loftiest intelligence--whether much that is glorious--whether all that is profound--does not spring from disease of thought--from moods of mind exalted at the expense of the general intellect. Those who dream by day are cognizant of many things which escape those who dream only by night - Edgar Allen Poe When you are insane, you are busy being insane - all the time...Read More The Bipolar Brain and the Creative Mind Essay1434 Words   |  6 Pagesand had housed many great poets and singers. Did the hospital specialize in poets and singers, or was it that poets and singers specialized in madness? ... What is it about meter and cadence and rhythm that makes their makers mad? (1) The link between madness and creativity is one that has been hotly debated in both medical and literary circles for a long time. The two most common types of mental illness theorized to be an influence on creative people such as writers, artists, and poets were schizophreniaRead MoreInferno - Dan Brown1253 Words   |  6 PagesBrown’s intelligence in which way he relates these true facts to his thriller that will grab you from page one and not let you go until you’re done with the book! The book opens with the suicide of famous genetic engineer Bertrand Zobrist, a scientific genius who jumps to his death from a historical building in Florence. After a few days, eminent Harvard Symbologist, Robert Langdon awakes in a hospital bed in Florence, with mild amnesia, no recollection of where he is or how he got there. A killer immediatelyRead More Eccentric Artists and Mad Scientists Essay5055 Words   |  21 PagesCreativity and Irrational Forces: Eccentric Artists and Mad Scientists Men have called me mad, but the question is not yet settled, whether madness is or is not the loftiest intelligence--whether much that is glorious--whether all that is profound--does not spring from disease of thought--from moods of mind exalted at the expense of the general intellect. Those who dream by day are cognizant of many things which escape those who dream only by night - Edgar Allen Poe Imagination is moreRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe964 Words   |  4 Pagesbefore† this represents opium use, as opium is a dark purple, heavy-scented addictive drug.. In â€Å"Soldier Poe† (p. 329), Philip Beidler points out that â€Å"In biographical legend Poe is remembered as a tortured aesthete, a solitary, unrecognized, romantic genius, adrift in a cash-and-carry society; less flatteringly he is recalled as a drunkard, an opium addict, a wastrel, a philanderer.† Opium causes hallucinations, which caused Poe to believe that the raven was talking to him and taunting him. Also, opium

Do Personality Traits Predict Behaviour Free Essays

Do personality traits predict behaviour? The trait approach to personality is focused on differences between individuals. After type theorists such as Sheldon, who focused on body parts to determine temperament, and lexical researchers such as Galton who provided the first dictionary of words to describe behaviour, the principles underpinning trait theory were first outlined by Gordon Allport (1937). He found that one English-language dictionary alone contained more than 4,000 words describing different personality traits and suggested that it is how the traits come together that produces the uniqueness of all individuals. We will write a custom essay sample on Do Personality Traits Predict Behaviour? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Rather than relying on intuition or subjective judgement as did Freud and many other neo-Freudians, trait theorists used objective measurements to examine their constructs. The use of factor analysis was a major breakthrough in the trait approach and Raymond Cattell was the first to make the use of this to reduce the lists of traits to a smaller number. This marked the beginning of the search to discover the basis structure of personality. This essay will discuss the issues surrounding the use of personality measures such as Eysencks personality questionnaire (EPQ) and Costa and Mc Crae’s Big Five model (NEO-PIR) to predict behaviour. Cattell’s 16PF hasn’t had much of an impact but personality measures that followed such as Eysenck’s personality questionnaire, who claimed that 3 types/ supertraits, Extraversion, Neuroticism and Psychoticism, make up the basic structure of personality, and Costa and mc Crae’s Big Five Model measuring Openness, Conscientious, Extraversion, agreeableness and Neuroticism, have received a high level of support. The personality factors are found cross-culturally, in children as well as adults and specifically for Eysencks model in identical twins raised apart, evidence which seems to demonstrate that the observed personality differences are stable across time and have a genetic basis, although the underlying heritability estimate used in studies has been questioned by Plomin. Nevertheless, trait measures have great practical applications; they have been embraced by psychologists from almost every perspective and used by professionals working in a wide variety of settings, such as in the workplace and the education system etc, and are used to make important judgements about an individual’s behaviour in different situations. Employers have used scores from personality tests to make hiring and promotion decisions for many years (Roberts and Hogan, 2000). The methodology used to identify the dimensional structure of personality traits, factor analysis, is often challenged for not having a universally-recognized basis for choosing among solutions with different numbers of factors. More than one interpretation can be made of the same data factored the same way, and factor analysis cannot identify causality. However, some of the most common criticisms of trait theory centre on the fact that traits are often poor predictors of behaviour. While an individual may score high on assessments of a specific trait, he or she may not always behave that way in every situation. This was highlighted by Walter Mischel (1968, 1973) who stimulated a huge debate that raged until the early 1980s, concerning whether personality traits predict behaviour. At the heart of this debate was the questioning of the stability of traits across situations, known as the ‘personality paradox’. He demonstrated with his CAPs model that there is a complex interaction between situations and enduring individual personality differences, however the effects of many variables still have to be examined. Mischel criticised how personality measures were interpreted and used, demonstrating that on average personality measures statistically account for only around 10% of the variance observed in behaviour, therefore 90% is due to something other than the effect of personality. This reflects the fact that many factors contribute to any one piece of behaviour, such as: the characteristics of the specific situation, the person’s mood at that time, competing goals, etc. However an argument in trait theories defence is in regard to the . 30, . 40 correlation co-efficient. How high does a correlation have to be before its considered important? Research by Funder and Ozer (1983) looked at social psychological findings often cited for their â€Å"important† findings and found that they had similar co-efficient of . 36 and . 42. In their defence trait theorists argue that researchers often fail to provide a strong link between traits and behaviour is because they don’t measure behaviour correctly, only measuring one behaviour. As an alternative researchers can aggregate data, one study looked at trait measures of aggression and the number of aggressive acts students preformed, not only on one day but over the course of two weeks and found a correlation of . 1 between the aggregated measure and the trait score (Wu and Clarke, 2003). Burger (2008) states that when all the complex influences on our behaviour are taken into account we probably should be impressed that personality psychologists can explain even 10%. Mischels criticism has had beneficial effects in work settings, with the use of multiple measures of p ersonality such as, psychometric assessments, interviews, individual and group tasks used together as an assessment package to prevent overreliance on the psychometric tool. Furthermore, Mischels views led researchers to look very critically at their methodologies, admitting that measures were often weak and the selection of which traits to study was sometimes inappropriate (Funder, 1999,2001). Today most psychologists agree that the person and the situation react to determine behaviour ( Maggnusson, 1990) and Swan and Seyle (2005) conclude their review on Mischels work by saying that there are still instances where it is helpful to make distinctions between personal and situational determines of behaviour. How to cite Do Personality Traits Predict Behaviour?, Papers

Foundations of Management Accounting †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Describe about the Foundations of Management Accounting. Answer: Introduction: Management accounting is the process which measures and reports information about economic activity within the organisation. The process of management accounting is helpful for managers, as it helps in planning, evaluating and exercise of operational control. Planning, evaluating and operational control, can be explained by the following sub-points: Planning Planning is required for deciding what to make, when to make and where to make it in regards to a product. Planning is also helpful for determining the materials, labour that is necessary to realise desired output. Evaluation of performance Performance evaluation is required to evaluate the profitability of the product and its product line. The contribution of managers of the organisation. Operational control Operational control is necessary to get an idea of how much work is in progress on the factory floor. Operational control is also helpful in maintaining a smooth flow of production. The assignment attempts to evaluate the concept of financial accounting and its key facts. The study further determines on the system of product costing under activity-based costing (ABC). Moreover, a direct material budget plan and schedule of expected cash disbursement have been formulated to justify the research subject. Part A Difference between Financial Accounting and Management Accounting: Management accounting is explained according to Nixon and Burns (2012) as the preparation of management reports and accounts that provide accurate information, both financial and statistical, to the managers which help them take important day-to-day decisions. Financial accounting can is defined as the process of summarising, reporting and recording the transactions of an organisation and its operations over a period. Hal (2011) states that the summarization of financial statements includes the balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement, which provides the companys performance over a period. Differences between Financial and Management accounting can be explained as follows: Financial accounting is the branch of accounting, which deals with the financial aspects and information of the concerned business. On the other hand, management accounting is the branch of accounting that deals with both fiscal and non-financial aspects of the firm. Financial accounting is viewed and assessed by both internal management and as well as external parties concerned. Management accounting, on the other hand, is determined and considered only by the internal administration of the business. Financial accounting reports are meant for the public, for them to assess the businesses financial viability. Management accounting report is intended for the internal management and is treated confidentially. Financial accounting follows a predetermined format, whereas management accounting has no such prescribed format. Financial accounting deals with providing information about the financial status to its shareholders. On the other hand, management accounting helps the managers in evaluating the business performance, which will help them make better-informed decisions in the future. Financial accounting is done for a specified period (1 Year). On the contrary, management accounting is done when the managers are in need of it. (Quarterly, half yearly, etc.) For the purpose of auditing, financial accounting is of paramount importance and is mandatory in any company. Whereas management accounting is not that necessary and is done voluntarily. Analysis of Fixed and variable Cost of Company X and Company Y: According to Eriotis et al. (2011), the case study states that Company X incurs less fixed cost compared to its variable cost and Company Y incurs less variable cost compared to its fixed cost. From this statement, an inference can be drawn that Company Y will realise a higher profit in case the sale increases. According to the appendix below, where the sales in units increase by 10%, for both company X and Y, it is seen that company Y will realise more profit. In other words, due to an increase of one percent of units of sales of company X, the profit of X increases by 1.429% and similarly due to an increase of one percent of units of sales of company Y, the profit of Y increases by 1.882%. From the appendix below it is also observed that the total contribution for company X and Y is 10%. It is because company Y incurs a small variable cost compared to its fixed cost. As a result company Y earns a profit of 18.82%. In the case of company X, it incurs a variable cost much higher than that of company Y. Thus, from the above context, it can be explained that company Y enjoys the benefit of operating leverage over company X. Concluding the above explanation, company Y will realise the greatest increase in profit. It is due to two main factors that are; company Y enjoys the benefit of operating leverage over company X, and it incurs a less variable cost and more fixed cost compared to company X. As a result company, Y will earn more profit. Explanation of processes of product costing under an Activity Based Costing: An accounting method that identifies the activities of a firm that performs and assigns indirect costs to products is known as activity-based costing. Activity-based costing (ABC) is majorly applied in the manufacturing industry, as it improves the dependability over cost data and provides a better classification of expenses incurred during the production process of a company. This system targets product costing, product line profitability analysis, service pricing, etc. According to Fei and Isa (2010), the system can be used for reduction of overhead cost. A complex environment is best for application for ABC. The following steps can further explain Activity-based costing: Cost Identification Identifying the costs that need to be allocated, is the first and the most important step in the total process. As wastage of time is not preferred with a large project scope. For proper allocation of time and cost right factors need to be identified to avoid wastage of time. Secondary cost pools Cost pools are created for those costs which are incurred to provide services. Primary cost pools Primary cost pools are designed for those costs which are directly connected to the production of goods and services. A separate cost pool for each line of product is beneficial as costs are likely to arise at this level. A separate cost pool should be allocated for marketing and distribution of the product. Activity cost driver The factor that contributes to the expense of business operations is known as activity cost drivers. Few of the cost drivers are labour cost, maintenance cost and other variable expenses. On the other hand more technical activity cost drivers are machine hours, customer contact base, inspections, etc. Management chooses cost drivers as the base for distributing manufacturing overhead. It is not mandatory for the management to select cost driver. Management selects cost driver at its discretion. The selection is made by verifying the variables relating to the expense incurred. The methodology of product costing is associated with managerial accounting. The analytical recourses have made product costing a regular feature of manufacturing operations. In recent years product costing is involved with activity-based costing. ABC is based on the presumption that costs occur in various activities. According to the (Prates, 2014), ABC is based on the principle that production of products does not generate costs. The resources that are necessary to support the business activity generate costs. The activities generated from production consume costs. Part B Preparation of companys direct materials budget and schedule of expected cash disbursements for purchases of materials for each quarter in the upcoming fiscal year: General Corporation Direct Material Budget Particulars 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Forecasted production units 6,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 Raw materials required for forecasted production units (gm) 54,000 81,000 72,000 63,000 Cost of raw materials required for forecasted production units ($) (A) 64,800 97,200 86,400 75,600 Closing inventory requirement ($) (B) 19,440 17,280 15,120 19,440 Opening inventory requirement ($) (C) 0 19,440 17,280 15,120 Purchase to be made in current quarter (A)+(B)-(C ) 84,240 95,040 84,240 79,920 The schedule of expected cash disbursement for the purchase of raw materials in each quarter is depicted in the table below: General Corporation Cash Disbursements Particulars 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Opening Accts. Payable 3,880 33,364 37,144 33,364 Payment made for current quarter's materials 54,756 61,776 54,756 51,948 Payment made for previous quarter's raw materials 0 29,484 33,264 29,484 Total payment 54,756 91,260 88,020 81,432 Payment to be carried forward 29,484 3,780 -3,780 -1,512 Closing Accts. Payable 33,364 37,144 33,364 31,852 Preparation of the companys direct labour budget for each quarter in the upcoming fiscal year: General Corporation Direct Labor Overhead Particulars 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Production units 6,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 Labor Hrs per unit 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 Total hrs 1,800 2,700 2,400 2,100 Rate per hour 10.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 Amount ($) 18,900 28,350 25,200 22,050 Preparation of the companys manufacturing overhead budget for each quarter in the upcoming fiscal year: General Corporation Manufacturing Overhead Particulars 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Production units 6,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 DLH required 1,800 2,700 2,400 2,100 Variable Manufacturing overhead 3,150 4,725 4,200 3,675 Fixed Manufacturing overhead-Cash 84,000 84,000 84,000 84,000 Fixed Manufacturing overhead-Non Cash (Depreciation) 24,000 24,000 24,000 24,000 Total Manufacturing overhead 111,150 112,725 112,200 111,675 Here it is assumed that the depreciation is not included in the fixed manufacturing overhead of $84,000 per quarter. Conclusion: From the above content, it can be inferred that the assignment differentiates between the key properties of financial accounting and management accounting. The study also shows the effect of profit due to the change in variable cost and fixed cost of company X and Y. The assignment explains the process of product costing under the ABC system. The calculation of direct material budget, cash disbursements, direct labour budget and manufacturing budget tries to justify General Corporations forecasted profitability and viability for the upcoming fiscal year 2017. References: Eriotis, N.P., Frangouli, Z. and Ventoura-Neokosmides, Z. (2011) Profit margin and capital structure: An empirical relationship, Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 18(2). Fei, Z.Y. and Isa, C.R. (2010) Factors influencing activity-based costing success: A research framework, International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 1(2), pp. 144150. Ghaemi, M.H. and Nematollahi, M. (2012) Study on the behavior of materials, labor, and overhead costs in manufacturing companies listed in Tehran stock exchange, International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, , pp. 1924. Hal, Z. (2011) Accounting system and financial performance measurements, European Financial and Accounting Journal, 2011(3), pp. 3865. Iwai, N. and Thompson, S.R. (2012) Foreign direct investment and labor quality in developing countries, Review of Development Economics, 16(2), pp. 276290. Nissen, B. and Smith, R. (2015) A novel way to represent and Reframe the interests of workers: The peoples budget review in st. Petersburg, Florida, Labor Studies Journal, 40(1), pp. 84102. Nixon, B. and Burns, J. (2012) Strategic management accounting, Management Accounting Research, 23(4), pp. 225228. Prates, G.A. (2014) METHODS OF COSTING - TARGET (TARGET COSTING) AND KAIZEN (KAIZEN COSTING) SUPPORTED BY QFD (quality function deployment) AS A TOOL FOR COST REDUCTION IN DEVELOPMENT PRODUCT AND PRODUCTION, Nucleus, 11(1), pp. 720.

The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Essay Example

The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Paper Essay on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Strange and scary book about loneliness among men. It caused me a different feeling, a whole gamut: bewilderment, horror, sympathy, fear in anticipation of what the next minute can make the characters, in some moments of dislike for him. All exacerbated by a calm, somewhat aloof, cold as a razor blade, narrative, like a statement of fact:. So there Loneliness fills the entire space of the novel, it felt almost physically. It covers absolutely still young, enters their consciousness, disfiguring it and does not let go until the last minute. Amazingly, in the novel there is no happy man: unhappy heroes, hardly happy with their parents, even the star of the Lyceum Viola, leader of svolochnoy Four, and that malice from his loneliness. The only hero, Fabio, the personification of calm, reliable and clear certainty, always smiling, getting into the vicious circle of loneliness, becomes miserable neurotic. And also, I think, now lonely forever. Loneliness, corrodes the soul, lies in wait for all We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I have not once remembered the line from a famous poem by Mikhail Lermontov:. We have dried up by science barren mind . Highly developed intellect becomes the protagonist of his peculiar barrier against the outside world, but it is and prevent him to open his heart to the people close to him, even when he needs it. But if Mattia I can understand, then Alice I often do not understand at all. At first glance, it seems that the hero more brutal and determined, but he and the author does not give any chance to live a different life. Alice also administers its own hands their fate. She refuses all that would take her out of his stupor: the profession, which could well become even substitute feelings of a man who loves her, the very idea of ​​the capacity of womens happiness. And Im not sure what the cause is love. It seemed to me that in the novel generally very little about love, and therefore, perhaps, so much of loneliness. To the heroes I had an ambiguous attitude. They are, of course, very sorry, but it is a pity that a pity, a pity crippled, dying patients. Personally, I do not cause any more sense. Yes, their life was not originally developed. Here you can blame fate, parents, the case. But at the same time it was given to them, and a great deal: the mind, the talent, the will (though they used it in different ways). And the fact that they met the same can not be dismissed. They have not made any movement in the direction of his happiness. read the novel, and I can not get rid of some inner stupor. So many ugly side of life reflected and so impartial that sometimes scary: it really is our life ? The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Essay Example The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review Paper Essay on The Solitude of Prime Numbers  « They are connected by invisible but strong thread, hidden under a pile of different things, thread, which can only exist between people, when they saw each others own loneliness . They this is Alice and Mattia the heroes of the novel of the Italian writer Paolo Giordano The author of this book theoretical physicist -. A specialist in elementary particle. The Solitude of Prime Numbers his first experience as a writer. However, it is to my mind immediately able to something that other master of words are in vain for years Paolo Giordano was able to write a book with an unusual story that leaves a mark on the soul of the reader. So, what is this novel? Of course, the loneliness. The fact that not every man is able to find his place in life. Moreover, the more youre not like the other, the harder it is to do it. Very often, the world is hostile to such people. Of course, I will not generalize, the fate of all different, but often it is. We may be difficult to accept people different from the others This is what happened with Alice lame, thin girl and Mattia the guy with the deep psychological trauma due to the fact he was once a child enrolled with her twin sister. Loneliness unites them, but is it enough, when the rest of the world can not understand them, even their own parents. Whether they can be happy in this world? Or, like, prime numbers, they may be near, but together they never be. Can the life violate the mathematical laws? We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Solitude of Prime Numbers Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I read the book avidly. Very worried for the characters. I wanted so much that they still were happy, in spite of everything. But is it possible?

Laissezfaire1 essays

Laissezfaire1 essays Concept of the Invisible Hand in a Laissez-faire economy By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of it. Adam Smith, Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations 1776. What business does a government have in commerce and trade? Why would a government want to interfere between two countries benefiting from each other by trade? What right does the government have in two individuals wanting each others products or services? According to some, commerce and trade should be permitted to operate free of controls of any kind; there should be no tariffs or other barriers. This is where the term laissez-faire is introduced. Its direct translation in French, leave alone to do, is self-explanatory. A strong believer in this type of economics is Adam Smith, both a philosopher and an economist. Born on 1723 in Kirkcaldy, Fife, he studied at Oxford, and became a professor of logic at Glasgow (1751), but took up the chair of moral philosophy the following year. In 1776, he moved to London, where he published An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776), the first major work of political economy. This examined in detail the consequences of economic freedom, such as division of labor, the function of markets, and the international implications of a laissez-faire economy. Adam Smith is most remembered today for his explanation of our market system. A majority of people saw confusion when they observed economic activity in England during the middle of the 18th century. They saw everyone doing whatever they pleased and deemed necessary. Businesses produced what ...

Airline Economics Essay Example for Free

Airline Economics Essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA Haven't found the essay you want? Get your custom sample essay for only $13.90/page ? The purpose of this note is to provide background to the study of the airline industry by briefly discussing four important economic aspects of the industry: (1) the nature and measurement of airline costs; (2) economies of scope and hub-and-spoke networks; (3) the relationship between yields and market characteristics; and (4) the S-curve effect. The Appendix to this note contains a glossary of key terms used throughout the discussion. Airline costs fall into three broad categories: flight sensitive costs which vary with the number of flights the airline offers. These include the costs associated with crews, aircraft servicing, and fuel. Once the airline sets its schedule, these costs are fixed. traffic-sensitive costs which vary with the number of passengers. These include the costs associated with items such as ticketing agents and food. Airlines plan their expenditures on these items in anticipation of the level of traffic, but in the short run, these costs are also fixed. fixed overhead costs which include general and administrative expenses, costs associated with marketing and advertising, and interest expenses. The largest category of costs is flight-sensitive. An important point about an airline’s cost structure, and a key to understanding the nature of competition in the industry, is that once an airline has set its schedule, nearly all of its costs are fixed and thus cannot be avoided. Because it is better to generate cash flow to cover some fixed costs, as opposed to none at all, an airline will be willing to fly passengers at prices far below its average total cost. This implies that the incidence of price wars during periods of low demand is likely to be greater in this industry than in most. There are two alternative measures of an airline’s average (or, equivalently, unit) costs: cost per available seat mile (ASM) cost per revenue passenger mile (RPM) Cost per ASM is an airline’s operating costs divided by the total number of seat-miles it flies. (An available seat mile is one seat flown one mile.) It is essentially the cost per unit of capacity. Cost per RPM is the airline’s operating costs divided by the number of revenue-passenger miles it flies. (A revenue passenger mile is one passenger flown one mile.) It is essentially the cost per unit of actual output. These two measures are related by the formula: Cost per RPM = cost per ASM ( load factor where load factor is the fraction of seats an airline fills on its flights. In the end, it is cost per RPM that an airline must worry about, for it must cover its cost per RPM to make a profit. Airlines differ greatly in both their costs per ASM and costs per RPM. For example, in 1992 Southwest had a cost per ASM of 7.00 cents, while USAir had a cost per ASM of 10.90 cents. Similarly, Delta had a cost per RPM of 15.33 cents while American had a cost per RPM of 13.81. Differences across airlines in cost per ASM reflect differences in: 1) average length of flights (cost per ASM declines with distance). 2) fleet composition (cost per ASM is smaller with bigger planes). 3) input prices, especially wage rates. 4) input productivity, especially labor. 5) overall operating efficiency. Differences across airlines in cost per RPM reflect differences in cost per ASM plus differences in load factor. Two airlines might have very similar costs per ASM, but quite different costs per RPM because of differences in load factor. For example, in 1992 USAir and United’s cost per ASM differed by less than 2 cents (USAir 10.90, United 9.30), but their costs per RPM differed by nearly 5 cents (USAir 18.54, United 13.80) because of USAir’s lower overall load factor (USAir .59, United .67) Economies of Scope and Hub-and-Spoke Networks Economies of scope play an important role in shaping the structure of the U.S. airline industry. The source of economies of scope in the airline industry is the hub-and-spoke network. In hub-and-spoke network, an airline flies passengers from a set of â€Å"spoke† cities through a central â€Å"hub,† where passengers then change planes and fly from the hub to their outbound destinations. Thus, a passenger traveling from, say, Omaha to Louisville on American Airlines would board an American flight from Omaha to Chicago, change planes, and then fly from Chicago to Louisville. In general, economies of scope occur when a multiproduct firm can produce given quantities of products at a lower total cost than the total cost of producing these same quantities in separate firms. If â€Å"quantity† can be aggregated into a common measure, this definition is equivalent to saying that a firm producing many products will have a lower average cost than a firm producing just a few products. In the airline industry, it makes economic sense to think about individual origin-destination pairs (e.g., St. Louis to New Orleans, St. Louis to Houston, etc.) as distinct products. Viewed in this way, economies of scope would exist if an airline’s cost per RPM is lower the more origin-destination pairs its serves. To understand how hub-and-spoke networks give rise to economies of scope, it is first necessary to explain economies of density. Economies of density are essentially economies of scale along a given route, i.e., reductions in average cost as traffic volume on the route increases. Economies of density occur because of two factors: (1) spreading flight sensitive fixed costs and (2) economies of aircraft size. As an airline’s traffic volume  increases, it can fill a larger fraction of seats on a given type of aircraft and thus increase its load factor. The airline’s total costs increase only slightly as it carries more passengers because traffic-sensitive costs are small in relation to flight-sensitive fixed costs. As a result, the airline’s cost per RPM falls as flight-sensitive fixed costs are spread over a larger traffic volume. As traffic volume on the route gets even larger, it becomes worthwhile to substitute larger aircraft (e.g., 300 seat Boeing 767s) for smaller aircraft (e.g., 150 seat Boeing 737s). A key aspect of this substitution is that the 300 seat aircraft flown a given distance at a given load factor is less than twice as costly as the 150 seat aircraft flown the same distance at the same load factor. The reason is that doubling the number of seats and passengers on a plane does not require doubling the number of pilots or flight attendants or the amount of fuel. Economies of scope emerge from the interplay of economies of density and the properties of a hub-and-spoke network. To see how, consider an origin-destination pair – say, Indianapolis to Chicago – with a modest amount of traffic. An airline serving only this route would use small planes, and even then, would probably operate with a low load factor. But now consider an airline serving a hub-and-spoke network, with the hub at Chicago. If this airline offered flights between Indianapolis and Chicago, it would not only draw passengers who want to travel from Indianapolis to Chicago, but it would also draw passengers from traveling from Indianapolis to all other points accessible from Chicago in the network (e.g., Los Angeles or San Francisco). An airline that includes the Indianapolis-Chicago route as part of a larger hub-and-spoke network can operate larger aircraft at higher load factors than an airline serving only Indianapolis-Chicago. As a result, it can benefit from economies of density to achieve a lower cost per RPM along the Indianapolis-Chicago route. In addition, the traffic between Indianapolis and the other spoke cities that will fly through Chicago will increase load factors and lower costs per RPM on all of the spoke routes in the network. The overall effect: an airline that serves Indianapolis-Chicago as part of a hub-and-spoke network will have lower costs per RPM than an airline that only serves  Indianapolis-Chicago. This is precisely what is meant by economies of scope. Relation Between Airline Yields and Market Characteristics An airline’s yield is the amount of revenue it collects per revenue passenger mile. It is essentially a measure of the average airline fares, adjusting for differences in distances between different origins and destinations. Airline yields are strongly affected by the characteristics of the particular origin-destination market being served. In particular, there are two important relationships: Shorter distance markets (e.g., New York-Pittsburgh) tend to have higher yields than longer distance markets (e.g., New York-Denver). Controlling for differences in the number of competitors, flights between smaller markets tend to have higher yields than flights between larger markets. The reasons for relationship 1) are summarized in Figure 1. higher cost per RPMlower load factor Cost per ASM generally falls as distance increases. This is because, say, doubling trip mileage does not require doubling key inputs such as fuel or labor. Thus, shorter flights have higher cost per ASM than longer flights, and airlines must achieve higher yields to cover these higher costs. In addition, shorter distance flights generally have lower load factors than longer distance flights, which implies a higher cost per RPM for shorter distance flights, again requiring higher yields. Why are load factors lower for shorter flights? The reasons has to do with the greater substitution  possibilities that consumers have in short-distance markets (e.g., car of train travel are more viable options). In short –distance markets, we would therefore expect that some fraction of time-sensitive travelers (e.g., vacationers) would travel on these alternative modes, so short distance flights would have a higher proportion of time-sensitive travelers (e.g., business persons) than longer distance flights. Competitive pressures thus force airlines to offer more frequent flight schedules in short-distance markets, which leads to lower load factors. The reason for relationship 2) has to do with the economies of density discussed earlier. Smaller markets will have lower traffic volumes, and airlines will generally operate smaller aircraft at lower load factors, increasing costs per RPM and yields. The S-curve effect refers to a phenomenon whereby a dominant carrier’s market share (share of RPM) in a particular origin-destination market tends to be greater than the carrier’s share of capacity (share of ASM). Thus, for example, if United offers 70% of the seats flown between Denver and San Francisco, and Continental flies the remaining 30%, then the S-curve effect says that United’s share of the actual traffic in this market will be greater than 70% and Continental’s will be less than 30%. This translates into an S-shaped relationship between â€Å"share of capacity† and â€Å"market share,† as shown in Figure 2. The S-curve effects stems from two sources. First, an airline with a greater share of capacity in a market is likely to have greater visibility in that market, so passengers are likely to contact it first. Second, an airline with a greater capacity share is likely to have more frequent – and thus more convenient – departures. This, too, works to boost its share of the actual traffic. The S-curve phenomenon makes capacity an important competitive weapon in the rivalry among airlines. An airline with the financial resources to purchase  aircraft and airport gates to achieve a dominant capacity share on key routes is likely to win the fight for market share. This suggests that, in general, it will be very difficult for a small carrier to challenge a dominant carrier at a hub airport, unless the small carrier can achieve significant cost advantages unrelated to scale. The history of competition in the post-deregulation airline industry seems to bear this out. Airline Economics. (2016, Oct 10).

ART 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ART 2 - Essay Example This paper shall briefly discuss the concept of iconography. Moreover, iconographic evaluation shall also be done on two kings of Mesopotamia and Egypt who represented their culture. Iconography is that study of art that interprets meanings and purpose behind art pieces. The study also deals with the broader understanding of symbols that beholds mysterious and encrypted messages. Iconographers evaluate different content presented in the form of art such as paintings, sculptures etc (Kleiner & Mamiya, 2010). On evaluation of images of Egyptian king, it can be observed that they were always presented surrounded by feminine. This represented Egyptian culture and structure of Egyptian kingdom. It was not known until the iconographers compared all the art pieces of Egyptian king. It was observed that sculptors were made in order to reflect the prestige of kings. Also, iconography helped in understanding that Egyptian kings were drawn after their deaths because that kept them alive in the memories of people. This resulted as an addition of their family prestige and their kingship (Kleiner & Mamiya, 2010). For instance, the image selected for iconographic evaluation of Egyptian king represents Seti I as being welcomed by a Goddess.

Economic Growth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Economic Growth - Essay Example This will effectively increase interest rates. Along with this, there will be an impact on aggregate output as output will increase with the increase in government spending. As G will increase, this will be impacted in the short run by a decrease in investment, as the supply of money in the banking sector will decrease. This will effectively increase interest rates. Along with this, there will be an impact on aggregate output as output will increase with the increase in government spending. Thus the aggregate demand will go up. This does increase private income and creates a multiplier effect to increase the output. In the money market, the money supply will reduce the banking system; on the other hand, there will be money creation due to increased government spending. A money multiplier effect will take place and the money supply will increase. If the effect of money supply increase by increased government spending is higher than the decrease caused by the reduction in the banking sector then interest rates will fall. On the other hand, if the impact of the increased government spending is higher than the impact of decreased money supply in the banking system then the interest rate will rise. Thus according to the classical model, there will be an immediate increase in price as the â€Å"invisible hand† will be there at work and balance the forces of supply and demand. Interest rates will go up due to the reduction in money supply in the banking sector. On the other hand, there will be a factor pushing the money supply up. Thus a balance will be created between money supply and money demand. Effectively the money that was kept in banks will be circulated to the public, thus creating the money multiplier effect, or creating secondary forms of money. Regarding employment, employment will remain constant in the classical model as the adjustment will be on prices and not on aggregate demand and supply.

Gattaca Oral Presentation Draft Essay Example for Free

Gattaca Oral Presentation Draft Essay From the day Vincent was born, he had always been concidered as highly flawed, and as an invalid. His parents were planning on carrying on the family name with their first born child by calling Vincent, Anton, after his father, Antonio. However, once finding out that Vincent was prone to illness such as neurological disorder, manic depression, attention deficit disorder, heart failure, and was expected to live for only 30.2 years, Vincents father felt that he wasnt worthy of the family name, and decided to call him Vincent Anton instead. Mother and Father, Maria and Antonio had a second child, who Antonio felt was worthy of the family name, because unlike Vincent who was conceived the natural way, Anton was born through genetic engineering. As the two boys grew up, Anton was always considered superior to Vincent as he was always upstaging him at everything they did. Until one day, when the two boys played a game of chicken. Like usual, Anton was expecting Vincent to turn around and swim back to shore. However, no matter how much effort he put into trying to beat his brother, Anton and Vincent were neck and neck the whole swim. Anton was confused at how Vincent still had the energy to swim, and finally Anton wasnt able to go on any longer and he gave up. Passing out and starting to drown, Vincent saved his brothers life. For the first time in their lives, Vincent was better than Anton at something. Even though everybody believed that he wasnt good enough to acheive his goals, Vincent now believed that he could achieve anything that he set his mind to. Vincent decided to run away from home and he got a job as a janitor at Gattaca. This was his first glimpse of Gattaca, and he liked what he saw. Vincent met Jerome (Aka Eugene), a depressed and alcoholic Gattaca valid who was hit by a car, which left him in a wheelchair for the rest of his life. Nobody that was apart of the Gattaca institite knew that Eugene was in a wheelchair, which saw an opportunity for Vincent. Eugene decided that his life was concidered over because he was crippled, and he felt that even though his dream of becoming a gold medal swimmer would never come true, he would attempt helping Vincents dream of travelling into space to come true, so he gave a makeover and his next-to-perfect vailid identidy to Vincent. Eugene would shed and collect his own dead skin particles, loose hair, urine and blood and would store them away for Vincent to pass off as his own and each day, Vincent would remove any loose skin and hair that was at risk of somebody finding and tracing it back to him. After being accepted into Gattaca, Vincent was going to be apart of the once in a lifetime space launch to Saturns largest moon, Titan. However, one of the directors was trying to stop the space launch from happening, resulting in his murder. Coincedentally, one of Vincents invalid eyelashes was found at the crime scene which started a search for him because everybody thought that he was the murderer, when infact, he wasnt. Although everybody knew what Vincents invalid self looked like, nobody suspected the valid Vincent (Aka Jerome) to be the murderer because he no longer looked like his old self. Nobody suspected Vincent to be imitating Jerome except for Vincents brother Anton, who was working as a Gattca detective. It took a while for Anton to confirm his suspicion, but he did in the end, although didnt turn his brother in for fraud. Once arriving to Gattaca on the day of the Titan space launch, there was an unexpected urine sample test. Vincent took the urine test and it came up with a photo of his invalid self. However, the Gattaca doctor felt somewhat connected to Vincent because his son was also classed as an invalid and had health problems just like Vincent did. The doctor then revelied that he had known the whole time and turned his invalid into a valid and therefore, Vincent was able to continue on his space mission. In the end scene, we see Eugene sitting in his boiler and Vincent sitting in the rocket capsule. The rocket launching and the boiler lighting fire happen at syncrinized times. Eugene commited suicide and Vincents dreams had come true. Not only was he going to space, but he had also fallen in love with a co-worker, Irene, who would be eagerly waiting for his return to earth.

Dr. Seuss Essay -- essays papers

Dr. Seuss Dr. Seuss I took an unconventional approach in the topic I chose for my reading assignment – whereas most groups selected single novels, my partner and I opted to read a collection of short stories by none other than the notorious Dr. Seuss. Were I writing this essay on a â€Å"normal† book, I would be able to pose a question about the book itself and answer it in an ordinary sort of way. However, given the subject matter I have chosen, an essay on an individual book, though possible, would be a very tricky thing to do. It would be wiser, and probably easier, to respond to the man himself. My decision to respond to the man himself makes many more choices – what facet of Dr. Seuss shall I ask myself questions about? I think perhaps I first need to give some brief biographical information on the man to understand the background he’s coming from. In 1904, Theodore Seuss Geisel was born in Massachusetts, USA. I have not been able to find too much document ation about his childhood, but he certainly did not come from a terribly poor or terribly unsuccessful family†¦ in fact, his family had owned a local brewery in their home town of Springfield for several years. Ever since his childhood, Geisel had dabbled in the fields we all know and love him for today†¦ for instance, during bible recitals, he read the verses to a rhythm and often in rhyme. In High School he wrote many short essays and drew cartoons for the school paper, and even then he had adopted a pseudonym for himself – â€Å"Pete the Pessimist†. Upon graduation, Geisel began studying literature at Oxford university, as his original intent was to become an educator†¦ even then, he punctuated his time at Oxford with his job editing and contributing to the â€Å"Jack-O-Lantern†, ... ...-hungry all of his life, perhaps simply in its early stages when he just started off – he was heavily involved in advertising then, and his stories such as â€Å"And To Think That I Saw It On Mulberry Street† were not particularly ethic-conscious. When Seuss died in 1991, however, you get a definite image of a creative, artistic genius of a man†¦ his advertising career had come to a close, his books constantly taught to respect yourself, others and your surroundings, and he exercised his artistic freedom while writing his final two stories, both adult-oriented. Dr. Seuss died an honorable man, and any selling out that he may have been guilty of is definitely, definitely excusable. ''How did it get so late so soon? It's night before it's afternoon. December is here before it's June. My goodness how the time has flewn. How did it get so late so soon?'' -Dr. Seuss (1904-1991) Dr. Seuss Essay -- essays papers Dr. Seuss Dr. Seuss I took an unconventional approach in the topic I chose for my reading assignment – whereas most groups selected single novels, my partner and I opted to read a collection of short stories by none other than the notorious Dr. Seuss. Were I writing this essay on a â€Å"normal† book, I would be able to pose a question about the book itself and answer it in an ordinary sort of way. However, given the subject matter I have chosen, an essay on an individual book, though possible, would be a very tricky thing to do. It would be wiser, and probably easier, to respond to the man himself. My decision to respond to the man himself makes many more choices – what facet of Dr. Seuss shall I ask myself questions about? I think perhaps I first need to give some brief biographical information on the man to understand the background he’s coming from. In 1904, Theodore Seuss Geisel was born in Massachusetts, USA. I have not been able to find too much document ation about his childhood, but he certainly did not come from a terribly poor or terribly unsuccessful family†¦ in fact, his family had owned a local brewery in their home town of Springfield for several years. Ever since his childhood, Geisel had dabbled in the fields we all know and love him for today†¦ for instance, during bible recitals, he read the verses to a rhythm and often in rhyme. In High School he wrote many short essays and drew cartoons for the school paper, and even then he had adopted a pseudonym for himself – â€Å"Pete the Pessimist†. Upon graduation, Geisel began studying literature at Oxford university, as his original intent was to become an educator†¦ even then, he punctuated his time at Oxford with his job editing and contributing to the â€Å"Jack-O-Lantern†, ... ...-hungry all of his life, perhaps simply in its early stages when he just started off – he was heavily involved in advertising then, and his stories such as â€Å"And To Think That I Saw It On Mulberry Street† were not particularly ethic-conscious. When Seuss died in 1991, however, you get a definite image of a creative, artistic genius of a man†¦ his advertising career had come to a close, his books constantly taught to respect yourself, others and your surroundings, and he exercised his artistic freedom while writing his final two stories, both adult-oriented. Dr. Seuss died an honorable man, and any selling out that he may have been guilty of is definitely, definitely excusable. ''How did it get so late so soon? It's night before it's afternoon. December is here before it's June. My goodness how the time has flewn. How did it get so late so soon?'' -Dr. Seuss (1904-1991)

Does Divorce of Parents Harm Children?

Divorce has become prevalent, but what are its effects on children? Many researchers began studying this question in the 1970s, and they have learned a great deal about children and divorce. One thing researchers have learned is that we must distinguish between children's initial or short-term reactions to marital disruption and their long-term (more than two years) adjustment. Children's long-term reactions vary greatly, depending on how the parents respond to the child during and after the breakup. In particular, the most important factors that shape long-term adjustment are (1) the amount of parental conflict children are exposed to and (2) the quality of parenting or childrearing competence they receive. In addition to these two factors, children's reactions are affected by social or environmental factors such as living in a neighborhood with high crime and violence. Economic factors are an important aspect of divorce, as most single-parent mothers have more economic stress and can provide fewer resources and opportunities for their children following divorce. Economic stress leads to increasing family mobility and an unwanted decrease in kinship networks and family support systems. This becomes especially problematic when it deprives families of grandparents and other kin who can help parents cope in the aftermath of divorce. Yes: Judith S. Wallerstein, from â€Å"Growing up in the divorced family† Clinical Social Work Journal (Winter 2005) Clinical psychologist Judith Wallerstein argues not only that children are harmed when their parents’ divorce but also that these negative side effects continue into their adult lives. Wallerstein claims that adolescents of divorce families often become involved with drugs, alcohol, and sexual activity earlier than adolescents of intact families. And once they are adults, she claims that these children suffer from acute anxiety when attempting to love and form permanent relationships. Parent- Child relationships not only change at the breakup but continue to change during the years to follow. When this bond is broken by divorce, a wide range of passions spills over into all domains of the family. These emotions, as noted, have the power to derail parent-child relationships that were in place during the intact family. One immediate consequence of these chronic uncertainties in the post-divorce family is the eruption of persistent anxiety in the child, setting into motion a hyper vigilant tracking of each parent. They grow up insecure. They worry about another loss or sudden change in their family or household. They worry for many years about their parents’ well being. The central finding of our study is that, adulthood, the experience of having been through parental divorce as a child impacts detrimentally on the capacity to love and be loved within lasting, committed relationship. At young adulthood when love, sexual intimacy and commitment and marriage take center stage, children of divorce haunted by the ghosts of their parents’ divorce and terrified that the same fate awaits them. In addition to overcoming their fear of failure, they have a great deal to learn about the give and take of intimate living with another person, about how to deal with differences and how to resolve conflicts. Children recover, typically within a 2 year period, and then resume their normal developmental progress, if three conditions obtain: 1) the parents are able to settle their differences without fighting; 2) the financial arrangements are fair and; 3) the child has continued contact with both parents over the years that follow. Our findings are that where parents got along both maintained caring relationships with their children of the first marriage, undiminished by their post-divorce relationships, and where both parents were doing reasonably well in their personal lives, the childhood and adolescence of the children were better protected. Personal Evaluation: Are people just too selfish to make commitments or care about others anymore? Have people become too lazy or unwilling to work on the problems that exist in every relationship? I believe people still are capable of making mistakes. It's not that divorce is such a bad thing†¦ it's more that people are making the mistake of rushing into marriage for whatever reason and finally coming to grips with reality. Divorce is not questioned, in my opinion, when one of the spouses is abusive an adulterer, or other legally or morally wrong issues. I believe that divorce can harm children. However, I also believe that God can heal those wounds and He can teach them how to live healthy lives. In my opinion, divorce leaves a mark. Like the books says: â€Å"†¦ impacts detrimentally on the capacity to love and be loved within lasting, committed relationship. At young adulthood when love, sexual intimacy and commitment and marriage take center stage, children of divorce haunted by the ghosts of their parents’ divorce and terrified that the same fate awaits them. † I do agree with what the book says. I also come from a broken family and it’s been hard to come to the place where I know and believe in commitment of marriage and love. In my case, my adoptive family had to do a lot with my healing process and the role model they were to me. A loss of family identity often makes one feel inadequate, inferior or incomplete. And that’s how I felt at the beginning but the truth of the matter is; none of us are, whether we come from a broken home or not. Bibliography: Slife, Brent. Taking Sides- Clashing views on Psychological Issues. FIFTEENTH ed. Boston: McGraw Hill Companies, 2006. Newton, Lee. â€Å"Divorce is like a Death in the Family. † About. com. 1 Mar. 2009

The Four Agreements

The Four Agreements The Four Agreements After reading The Four Agreements by Don Miguel Ruiz I realized I’ve been living dreams of other people in my life and not my own. It was decided early on what I should do, what’s possible and what’s not. Starting at birth we are told what to think by our parents, schools, and church. Subconsciously, we have made agreements with them to live our life according to their rules. Don Miguel believes that these agreements are self-limiting and shares four agreements that if we adapt into our lives we will reach true peace and happiness.The book made so much sense to me, but the hard part is to actually commit to living out the four agreements. In short, the four agreements are listed below: Be impeccable with your words. Speak with integrity and say what you mean. Use the power of your word in the direction of truth and love. Avoid gossip and remember words do hurt. Dictionary. com definition of impeccable is â€Å"incapable of sin† and a sin is something you do or believe that goes against you. At this point of my life I try to be nothing but the truth and I’ve learned from past experiences not to gossip about others because I understand the emotional power of words.This agreement states that one should speak with integrity and by being impeccable with yourself will in return reflect in your life and world around you. I pride myself on usually keeping my word. Don’t Take Anything Personally. Get over yourself – it’s not about you. What others say and do is a projection of their own reality, their own dream. When you are immune to the opinions and actions of others, you won’t be the victim of needless suffering. I remember a time in my life when someone said something about me and it meant more than what I thought and knew new to be true about myself.Over the years I’ve learned that what someone else thinks and/or says about me no longer matters. One day I w oke up and I said to myself â€Å"I’m taking back my power over me. † I guess that day I made an agreement with myself not to let what others think dictate my life. I finally realized that people will talk about you whether you’re doing good or bad. Don’t Make Assumptions. Find the courage to ask questions and to express what you really want. Communicate with others as clearly as you can to avoid misunderstanding, sadness and drama.With just this one agreement, you can completely transform your life. We make assumptions because we need explanations (to our questions) to address what’s going on in our own minds. The mind is a powerful thing and our minds have different voices and personality that can create a lot of confusion. When I make assumptions there is always conflict that follows. I know now that through communication we can arrive to resolution. This agreement rings true for me and has caused disappointment and sadness in my life to be at a point in my life that I can ask for what I want.Always Do Your Best. Your best is going to change from moment to moment; it will be different when you are healthy as opposed to sick. Under any circumstance, simply do your best and you will avoid self-judgment, self-abuse and regret. I don’t always feel as if I did my best—I never have, too. In this agreement I know it mentions that your best is going to change from moment to moment. I would like to experience my best more often. To truly give my best I have to be moved in some kind of spiritual way.That is the only time I feel as if I’m doing something I want versus something I have to do. The more my life is shifting into trying to live more in the moment I’ve realized the more I do my best and the better I become. Three years ago I went into my personal dream(s) and started changing my agreements. I began to embark on a journey of self-healing. It was purely about finally living in peace, openly and fr eely, but first I needed to revisit some old childhood wounds that had been holding me hostage my entire life.I began to pray daily in preparation to deal with the many demons that resides inside me. If I had kept the agreements given to me by my household and neighborhood while growing up, I would be in a mental institution or dead. As a child, I had no choice about what agreements that were instilled in me, but now I can create my own. I feel as if I’m living an impeccable life and am being true to the disciplines of a Toltec Warrior. http://archpsyc. ama-assn. org/cgi/content/abstract/68/1/33

Basic Computer construction essays

Basic Computer construction essays This report will tell you the 10 basic steps to constructing a high powered home computer in under 2 hours. Most people believe that you have to be a rocket scientist to build a computer. YOU DONT! It is very easy. The first thing you will need to do, is get the parts. MOtherboard, Processor, Video card, SOund card, DVD, CD-ROM, Monitor, RAM (SD-RAM) Case, speakers, DVD-EncoderCard, etc.. The next thing you will have to do, is set the jumpers on your motherboard, What this does, is set the amount of electricity that the motherboard will send to the CPU (processor). Different CPU's use different amounts of voltage. The newer CPU's use even less voltage. Most of the jumper setting's you will need are listed in the owners manual for the motherboard, or can be obtained from the dealer. Some motherboards dont even need to have the jumpers set, ITs done electronicly. These are called jumperless motherboard's. It will say weather or not it is a jumperless motherboard on the box or in the manual. Then the next thing you will need to do is install the CPU, By locating the ZIF socket. It is beije and square. It just drops into place and then all you have to do is flip the lever on the side and thats done. The next step, is installing the ram, The ram is usually 168 pin long, and will only fit into one slot ( out of 3 or 4 possible ) on the board. It will only go in one way so their is no putting it in backward. Then after you install the ram, you have to place the motherboard inside the case. Then after you mount it in the case, you can go ahead and install the video card. TOdays video cards use what is called an AGP port (Advanced Graphics Port) After you slide it in, you have to screw it down. Then you can go and install all your other cards, (sound card, modem, DVD-Encoder card, etc...) Then you have to install your hard drive and soundcard, YOu will first have to take out t...

Summery of chapter 11,12 and 13 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summery of chapter 11,12 and 13 - Essay Example This theory discusses philosophical ideologies of empiricism, rationalism and epistemology. The three ideologies combine to present the world view in terms of logic from a mathematical and observational point of view. The other theory discussed in the chapters is analytic philosophy. In the wider sense, the chapters portray this theory as an umbrella of the contemporary philosophical theories that is characterized by formal logical argument that analyses language, symbolism and the natural sciences which it presents as the most important things to understand the world (Kline, Hollinger and Klemke, 125). The arguments presented in the chapters are not so clear and precise and may therefore lead to misunderstanding of the theories. Analytic philosophy theory for example is not presented in a logical manner that may lead to deductions and arguments being made from it. The other theories not mentioned above have also not been well argued and explained and therefore end up confusing the reader. They are short and not that precise. The chapters therefore require more clarification, elaboration and well framed argument that are reader

The Zonk Air Accident Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Zonk Air Accident - Research Paper Example The research paper "The Zonk Air Accident" talks about the air accident that occurred at the Tahoe Airport on the 7th of November 2010. This paper also contains a conclusion, which is a summary of the major points contained in it. This paper takes a stand that there are a variety of factors responsible for the air accident involving the Zonk aircraft. These factors range from poor weather conditions, the inefficiency of the pilot, and poor management from the company. One of the causes that are given for the fatal air accident is the inefficiency of the new pilot, which was brought about because of lack of experience and inadequate training. The pilot was new hired, and he had done a total of 300 hours in flight. Of these 300 hours, the pilot had done 50 hours on twin engine air craft’s, and only 15 hours on the air a model of PA 31 (Weil, 2012). Furthermore, the pilot did not have sufficient training on meteorological conditions. He only had some 5 hours of such kind of training (Weil, 2012). Furthermore, before the accident, the pilot had only flown some three air craft’s for the Zonk Company, and before flying the aircraft, he did not fly for the company for a period of 10 days. This is an indication that the pilot was not experienced and qualified enough to handle this aircraft. Because of inadequate training in meteorology, the pilot was unable to navigate in the harsh weather conditions. And the management is also to blame because they allowed an inexperienced pilot to fly such kind of a plane.